Chichen Itza is an ancient Mayan city located in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. The city was one of the largest and most important centers of the Mayan civilization and was at its height between the 9th and 13th centuries CE.

The name "Chichen Itza" means "at the mouth of the well of Itza" and refers to the cenote (a natural sinkhole) located within the city's boundaries. The city was a hub of political, economic, and religious activity and was home to a large population of up to 50,000 people.

The origins of Chichen Itza can be traced back to the 6th century CE when it was established as a small Mayan village. However, it was not until the 10th century CE that the city became a major power in the region. It is believed that Chichen Itza was ruled by a powerful group of leaders known as the Itza, who were likely a group of foreigners who conquered the city.

The city was known for its impressive architecture, including the Kukulkan Pyramid (also known as El Castillo), which is one of the most iconic and recognizable landmarks in the Americas. The pyramid was constructed in several stages and is thought to have been used for astronomical and religious purposes.

In addition to the Kukulkan Pyramid, Chichen Itza was home to many other important structures, including the Temple of the Warriors, the Great Ball Court, and the Observatory. These structures were all built with impressive precision and incorporated complex mathematical and astronomical calculations.

Chichen Itza's importance began to decline in the 13th century CE, and by the 15th century CE, the city was abandoned. The reasons for the city's decline are not entirely clear, but it is believed to have been related to a combination of factors, including warfare, political instability, and environmental factors such as drought and deforestation.

The ruins of Chichen Itza were rediscovered in the 19th century CE and have since become a popular tourist destination. In 1988, the city was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site, and in 2007, it was named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

Today, visitors can explore the ruins of Chichen Itza and marvel at the impressive architecture and engineering feats of the Mayan civilization. The site continues to be an important cultural and historical landmark, offering insights into the rich and complex history of the Mayan people.

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